“我不喜欢打针，”我的病人说.
“Good, 'cause if you did, we would have other problems,” I replied.
So, why should she get an influenza vaccine anyway? I think that one of the reasons people hesitate is because they do not understand influenza. Much of what we call “flu” is not really influenza. A person may vomit or have diarrhea for two to three days and call it a “stomach flu.”
This is not what the “flu shot” is meant to prevent. There are four classic symptoms of influenza: fever (usually 101.5 or more), headache, cough, and myalgias (muscle aches). Often these symptoms are so severe that getting out of bed to go the bathroom is a major effort and sometimes not possible.
Influenza symptoms can last around two weeks. People over the age of 65 are more likely to be severely affected and require hospitalization. 关于 8% of the US population gets influenza every year.1 就像几乎所有的病毒感染一样, the contagious period typically starts the day BEFORE symptoms occur. Influenza is most contagious in the first three to four days of the illness. The incubation period (or time from exposure to symptoms) is thought to be one to four days, 通常两天.1
Because the influenza virus mutates rapidly, the influenza vaccine changes every year to what manufacturers think is going to be the most effective mixture. On average the vaccine is 40-60% effective at reducing the risk of a flu-like illness when the circulating viruses are well matched to the selected vaccine components.2 While that might not sound like a huge number, taken over the population of the United States in 2019-2020 the vaccine prevented an estimated 7.500万流感患者.7 million influenza-associated medical visits, 105,000例流感相关住院病例, 和6,300人死于流感. The vaccine has also been shown to decrease the severity of influenza for those who do get it.
A 2021 study showed that among adults hospitalized with flu, vaccinated patients had a 26% lower risk of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and a 31% lower risk of death from flu compared with those who were unvaccinated.3
孩子们呢?? One 2022 study showed that flu vaccination reduced children’s risk of severe life-threatening influenza by 75%.4
The CDC believes that transmission of influenza by healthcare workers is a significant vector.5 这意味着，作为一名医护人员, 如果你没得流感的话, 你不能把它传染给你的病人. You also personally benefit by decreasing the likelihood that you will have to use your PTO for sick time. Not taking time off for illness nor spreading illness at the office helps your coworkers and overall workload.
我很高兴你不喜欢针. 说实话，我也不知道, 但对世界杯外围球庄大多数人来说, the benefits of getting an influenza vaccine are compelling.
来源
1 http://www.cdc.gov /流感/About/ keyfacts.htm
2. http://www.cdc.gov/flu/vaccines-work/vaccineeffect.htm
3. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0264410X21005624?dgcid=author
4. http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35024795
5. http://www.nfid.org/infectious-diseases/fact-sheet-for-healthcare-professionals
